Water storage tanks are an essential part of every Indian household. With irregular water supply in most cities, these tanks allow you to store water for regular use. There are several types of tanks available based on material, size, location, and budget. The most common materials used are plastic, steel, concrete, and fiberglass.
Plastic tanks are lightweight and inexpensive but may crack over time. Steel and concrete tanks are durable, though more costly. Fiberglass tanks are corrosion-resistant. Consider factors like capacity needed, budget, and installation location when choosing the right water storage tank for your home.
Types of Tanks In India
Overhead Tanks
Overhead tanks or rooftop tanks are the most popular water storage options. As the name suggests, these cylindrical or square tanks are placed on terrace slabs or towers above ground level.
Overhead tanks allow sufficient water pressure for taps, showers and appliances. Made from plastic, metal or concrete, they come in various capacities, typically ranging from 500 litres to over 5000 litres. Overhead tanks require regular cleaning to prevent contamination and leakage.
Underground Tanks/Sumps
Underground water tanks, also called sumps, are built below the ground. Due to their location, these tanks don?t take up space on top and provide natural temperature regulation for water storage.
Popular capacities for underground tanks start from 5000 litres. Make sure to construct the tank with a cover for safety and hygiene. Choose tough materials like brick-concrete structures or polyethylene to withstand soil pressure. A sump also needs regular upkeep.
Plastic Tanks
With modern construction, plastic has become one of the most widely used materials for water tanks. Made of polyethene, polypropylene or PVC, these tanks are durable, lightweight, portable, low on maintenance and available in sizes from 100 to over 5000 litres.
Leading manufacturers like Sintex offer specially formulated plastic food-safe for potable water. While plastic tanks are affordable, make sure to buy ISI-certified tanks. They should have a sturdy lid and side handles for portability and be UV-stabilized for outdoor installation.
Loft Tanks
As real estate prices rise across India’s urban centres, loft tanks present a space-saving option for apartments and small homes. Loft tanks are compact cylindrical tanks designed to fit in the space between the roof slab and the ceiling of the floor below.
With a typical capacity between 500-1500 litres, these tanks have a low profile and can be installed in bedrooms, storage areas or staircases. Loft tanks work effectively but require careful installation for structural stability. Make sure the foundation slab can take the weight when full. Loft tanks also need regular inspection as leaks can damage ceilings.
Also Read- The Importance of Water Storage Tanks
Considerations for Selecting Water Tanks
- Estimate your daily household water consumption needs for drinking, cooking, bathing, cleaning, gardening, etc. This will determine the capacity required
- Consider if you need an outdoor or indoor tank. Outdoor tanks require a larger storage capacity
- Choose the tank material – plastic tanks are versatile, lightweight and durable. Other options are steel, concrete and fibreglass
- Make sure to pick the optimal size tank that will fit the available installation space in your home
- Determine the ideal height for sufficient water pressure
- Ensure the foundation slab/base of the tank location is structurally strong enough to support the weight when full
- For underground tanks, get professional advice on structural foundation and tank design
- For plastic tanks, opt for reputed manufacturers that follow quality standards and certifications
- Consider getting an expert consultation to decide the right size and type of water tank as per your household requirements
- Ensure proper installation of the tank according to manufacturer specifications
- Follow maintenance guidelines for cleaning, structural checks, etc., to maximise the lifespan